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thrift和erl_nif效率上的比较

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作者 正文
   发表时间:2012-01-10  

      thrift是通用型的,可以完成多种编程语言之间的交互,erl_nif是专用型的,主要完成Erlang和C语言之间的交互。thrift可以完成远程节点之间的交互,但是erl_nif只能完成本地的交互。

  正因为thrift完成的是远程节点之间的交互,(thrift在facebook设计指出,主要的目的就是完成facebook数据中心中不同编程语言之间的交互)它在处理本地交互时,同样会看作是远程的方式进行工作;erl_nif的运行中,省去了远程节点的通信。所以,thrift的运行性能不如erl_nif的运行性能。

  但是,如果要完成远程节点之间的语言交互,使用erl_nif,也不见得有多大优势。首先,远程之间之间的交互,必然要使用通信,就算是用原生的socket进行通信,性能上面而言,优势也甚微。但是,如果使用这种方式,开发效率就大大的降低了。

  所以,如果在本地要完成C语言和Erlang语言之间的交互的话,使用erl_nif是没有错的(使用指南,可以google一下),但是如果要完成远程节点之间多编程语言的交互,选择thrift在一定程度上,还是要比erl_nif好。

 

贴出thrift完成CPP+Erlang计算100W以内prime的代码

     CPP端的代码

 

/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
 * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
 * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
 * KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
 * specific language governing permissions and limitations
 * under the License.
 */

#include <stdio.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <sys/time.h>

#include <protocol/TBinaryProtocol.h>
#include <transport/TSocket.h>
#include <transport/TTransportUtils.h>

#include "../gen-cpp/Sendinfo.h"

using namespace std;
using namespace apache::thrift;
using namespace apache::thrift::protocol;
using namespace apache::thrift::transport;

using namespace cpp2erl;
using namespace shared;

using namespace boost;
bool isPrime(int i)
{
    int j;
    int t = sqrt(i) + 1;
    for(j = 2; j <= t; ++j)
    {
        if(i % j == 0)
        return false;
    }
    return true;
}
int main(int argc, char** argv) 
{
    shared_ptr<TTransport> socket(new TSocket("localhost", 9909));
    shared_ptr<TTransport> transport(new TBufferedTransport(socket));
    shared_ptr<TProtocol> protocol(new TBinaryProtocol(transport));
    SendinfoClient client(protocol);
    
    timeval end,start;
    try {
        gettimeofday(&start,NULL);
        vector<int> Mylist;
        for(int i=0;i<1000000;i++)
        {
            if(isPrime(i))
            {
                Mylist.push_back(i);
  	        }
  	    }
  	    gettimeofday(&end,NULL);
  	    transport->open();
 	    client.sendinfo(Mylist);
 	    long timeuse = 1000000*(end.tv_sec-start.tv_sec)+end.tv_usec-start.tv_usec;
 	    cout<<timeuse<<endl;
 	    transport->close();
 	    }
 	    catch (TException &tx) { 
 	        printf("ERROR: %s\n", tx.what());
 	    }
}

 

 Erlang端的代码

 

%%
%% Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
%% or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
%% distributed with this work for additional information
%% regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
%% to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
%% "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
%% with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
%%
%%   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
%%
%% Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
%% software distributed under the License is distributed on an
%% "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
%% KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
%% specific language governing permissions and limitations
%% under the License.
%%

-module(server).

-include("sendinfo_thrift.hrl").

-export([start/0,start/1,handle_function/2,stop/1,ping/0,zip/0,debug/2,sendinfo/1]).

debug(Format, Data) ->
    error_logger:info_msg(Format, Data).

ping() ->
    debug("ping()",[]),
    ok.


sendinfo(Mylist) ->
	{Nodename} = {Mylist},
	debug("~w~n", [Nodename]).

zip() ->
    debug("zip", []),
    ok.

%%

start() ->
    start(9909).

start(Port) ->
    Handler   = ?MODULE,
    thrift_socket_server:start([{handler, Handler},
                                {service, sendinfo_thrift},
                                {port, Port},
                                {name, tutorial_server}]).

stop(Server) ->
    thrift_socket_server:stop(Server).

handle_function(Function, Args) when is_atom(Function), is_tuple(Args) ->
    case apply(?MODULE, Function, tuple_to_list(Args)) of
        ok -> ok;
        Reply -> {reply, Reply}
    end.
 

测试:

1、测试thrift的额外消耗,修改CPP代码

 

gettimeofday(&start,NULL);
transport->open();
transport->close();
gettimeofday(&end,NULL);
long timeuse = 1000000*(end.tv_sec-start.tv_sec)+end.tv_usec-start.tv_usec;
cout<<timeuse<<endl;

 

 transport open动作和close动作,需要消耗的时间在2462微秒左右(测试十八个数据,取其平均值)

可以看出,因使用thrift而产生的额外消耗,只有0.2462毫秒,与使用thrift带来的开发效率的提高,可以忽略不计。

2、thrift传输产生的消耗,同样需要修改下CPP代码

gettimeofday(&start,NULL);
client.sendinfo(Mylist);
gettimeofday(&end,NULL);
long timeuse = 1000000*(end.tv_sec-start.tv_sec)+end.tv_usec-start.tv_usec;
cout<<timeuse<<endl;

 测试thrift完成传输需要消耗的时间,1545771微秒,也就是1.5秒左右

3、测试整个过程需要的时间

测试从判断prime到传给erlang 所需要的时间,1876668微秒,1900毫秒左右,和erl_nif完成该工作,相差了1秒左右,(参见:http://www.iteye.com/topic/534368

 

总结:

     虽然,thrift和erl_nif运行效率相比,确实不行,但是,thrift完成的多语言交互,可以轻松不熟到远程节点,不仅如此,开发效率还要比erl_nif稍胜一筹(个人观点)。

     君子性非异也,善假于物也。

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